Medical Care For Educatees of Kyiv Institute For Noble Maidens in the 19th – early 20th century
Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to study the medical care of the staff of Kyiv Institute for Noble Maidens for their educatees in the 19th – early 20th century.
Scientific novelty. The paper highlights the activities of the medical staff of that boarding school for the first time and shows what ailments the educatees suffered from. Particular attention is paid to the issue of the importance of gymnastics for the boarding schoolgirls, how the staff fought infectious diseases, what psychological problems the girls had, and how the staff responded to it.
Conclusions. Medical care of the staff of Kyiv Institute for Noble Maidens in the 19th – early 20th century for its educatees was a necessary condition for the life of young ladies in that boarding school because they were very often sick and regularly turned to the infirmary for help. The duties of the medical staff, who all were highly qualified, were in the effective treatment and round-the-clock care of patients, the purchase of medicines, the inspection of food products, and the improvement of the diet of the boarding schoolgirls during illnesses, as well as in the involvement of additional specialists for the necessary examinations: ENTs, ophthalmologists, and dentists, doctors from the Imperial University of St. Volodymyr. Thanks to the efforts of the staff at the Institute, gymnastics was introduced relatively early in similar boarding schools in the Russian Empire (not only for maintaining health but also for treating diseases of the musculoskeletal system). Also, at Kyiv Institute for Noble Maidens, the staff effectively fought against infectious diseases carried from the outside, such as measles, smallpox, typhus, scarlet fever, and cholera during their mass spread, quickly stopping their development without a large number of victims. A separate infectious disease ward was established for sick girls, which reduced the general infection contamination among educatees. The staff paid the least attention to the psychological problems of the educatees; they were ignored because of the desire to preserve the unsullied reputation of the institution.
References
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5. American Psychiatric Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Psychiatrists/Practice/DSM/APA_DSM_Changes_from_DSM-IV-TR_-to_DSM-5.pdf [in English].
Antonets, N. (2011). Z istorii diialnosti instytutiv shliakhetnykh divchat: Kyivskyi instytut shliakhetnykh divchat u spohadakh yoho vykhovanok [From the History of the Institutes of Noble Girls: Kyiv Institute of Noble Girls in the Memories of its Maidens]. Pedahohika ta psykholohiia, 39, 112-119 [in Ukrainian].
Diakovskii, V.F. (1876). Obshchie osnovaniia k programme gimnastiki dlia zhenskikh uchebnykh zavedenii Imperatritsy Marii [General grounds for the gymnastics program for women’s educational institutions of Empress Maria]. Sankt-Peterburg [in Russian].
Kizlova, A. (2020). Chynni zakonovchyteli Kyivskoho instytutu shliakhetnykh divchat u publikatsiiakh «Kievskikh eparkhialnykh vedomostei» ostannioi tretyny XIX – pochatku XX st. [Current Religious Teachers of Kyiv Seminary for Young Ladies in the Materials of «Kyiv Diocesan Herald» (the Last Third of 19th – Early 20th Century]. Litopys Volyni. Vseukrainskyi naukovyi chasopys, 22, 31-35. DOI: 10.32782/2305-9389/2020.22.04 [in Ukrainian].
Kizlova, A. (2021). Kyivskyi instytut shliakhetnykh divchat u putivnykakh ХІХ – pochatku ХХ st. [Kyiv Institute for Noble Maidens in the Guidebooks (19th – early 20th Centuries)]. Kyivski istorychni studii, 1 (12), 124-133. DOI: 10.28925/2524-0757.2021.114 [in Ukrainian].
Kobchenko, K. (2017). Osvita zhinok yak forma emansypatsii: pryklad Naddniprianskoi Ukrainy (seredyna ХІХ – pochatok ХХ stolittia) [Women’s Education as a Form of Emancipation: the Example of Ukraine over Dnipro (Mid-19th – Early 20th Centuries)]. Kis O. (Ed.). Ukrainski zhinky v hornyli modernizatsii. Kharkiv: Vydavnytstvo KSD, pp. 72-102 [in Ukrainian].
Koroleva, N. (1968). Tvory. T. 2: Bez korinnia (zhyttiepys suchasnytsi) [Writings. T. 2: Without Roots (Biography of a Contemporary)]. Klivlend, Ohaio [in Ukrainian].
Kovtach, I. (2013). Stanovlennia derzhavnoi serednoi zhinochoi osvity v misti Kyevi u ХІХ stolitti [Formation of State Secondary Female Education in the city of Kyiv in the 19th Century]. Ukrainoznavstvo, 3-4, 147-151 [in Ukrainian].
Luchitskaya, M. (2003). Memuary [Memoirs]. Moskva [in Russian].
Manaseina, N. (1914). Mamino detstvo [Childhood of a Mother]. Sankt-Peterburg: Tropinka [in Russian].
Masliychuk, V. & Serdiuk, I. (Ed.) (2021). Rozchakluvannia neduhy. Lokalna tradytsiia, «stari» khvoroby ta «nova» medytsyna v Ukraini ХVІІІ-ХІХ st. [Curing the Disease. Local Tradition, «Old» Diseases and «New» Medicine in Ukraine in the 18th – 19th Centuries]. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
Pidkorytov, V. (2008). Psykhiatriia v Ukraini – mynule, teperishnie, maibutnie [Psychiatry in Ukraine – Past, Present, Future]. Visnyk psykhiatrii ta psykhofarmakoterapii, 2 (14), 29-32 [in Ukrainian].
Ponomariova, V. (2014). Mediko-sotsialnye usloviia povsednevnoi zhizni zakrytykh institutov Mariinskogo vedomstva (vtoraia polovina XIX – nachala XX v.) [Medical and Social Conditions of Everyday Life of Closed Institutes of the Mariinsky Department (Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Centuries)]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 23. Antropologiya, 1, 17-29 [in Russian].
Ponomariova, V. (2015). Fizicheskoe vospitanie v zakrytykh zhenskikh institutakh Vedomstva uchrezhdenii imperatritsy Marii [Physical Education in Closed Women’s Institutes of the Department of Institutions of Empress Maria]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 23. Antropologiya, 1, 86-93 [in Russian].
Ponomariova, V. (2016). Kak v «Institutakh blagorodnykh devits» reshali problemu «Pishchevogo dovolstviia» (vtoraia polovina XIX – nachalo XX v.) [How in the «Institutes for Noble Maidens» it Was Solved the Problem of «Food Allowance» (Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Centuries)]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 23. Antropologiya, 3. 125-134 [in Russian].
Samchuk, T. (2018). Obrazotvorche mystetstvo u povsiakdenni studentiv Universytetu Sv. Volodymyra v konteksti khudozhnioho zhyttia Kyeva ta dovkolyshnioho rehionu (1834-1863) [Art of Painting in Everyday Life of Students of St. Volodymyr University in the Context of the Artistic life of Kyiv and that Region (1834-1863)]. Text and image: essential problems in art history, 2 (6), 84-97 [in Ukrainian].
Samchuk, T. (2019). Kharchuvannia studentiv Universytetu sv. Volodymyra (1834-1863) [Nutrition of Students at the University of St. Volodymyr (1834-1863)]. Chasopys ukrainskoi istorii, 19-28. DOI: 94.10347/2522–4111.2019.40.1.2 [in Ukrainian].
Sikorsky, I. (1889). O zaikanіі [About Stuttering]. Sankt-Peterburg [in Russian].
Sukhenko, T. (2000). Instytuty shliakhetnykh divchat v Ukraini v ХІХ stolitti [Institutes of Noble Girls in Ukraine in the 19th Century]. Etnichna istoriia narodiv Yevropy, 7, 80-84 [in Ukrainian].
Voropanova, M. (2013). Institutskie vospominaniia [Institute’s Memoirs]. In Instituty blagorodnyih devits v memuarakh vospitannits. Moskva: Lomonosov, pp. 237-261 [in Russian].
Yakusyk, T. (2020). Kharchuvannia studentiv Kyivskoi dukhovnoi akademii (1819-1869 rr.) [Nutrition of Students in the Kiev Theological Academy (1819-1869)]. Kyivska Akademiia, 17, 11-38. DOI: 10.18523/1995-025X.2020.17.11-38 [in Ukrainian].
Zakharchenko, M. (1889). Istoriia Kievskogo instituta blagorodnykh devits (1838-1888) [History of the Kiev Institute of Noble Girls (1838-1888)]. Kiev [in Russian].
Zhovta, I. (2020). Dosvid borotby z kholeroiu v Kyivskomu instytuti shliakhetnykh divchat u 1871 i u 1872 rokakh [Experience of Fighting Cholera at the Kyiv Institute of Noble Girls in 1871 and 1872]. Proceedings of the Conference: Istoriia, kultura, pamiat u naukovomu vymiri: stan, perspektyvy (aktualni pytannia novoho ta novitnoho periodiv). Kyiv: Art Ekonomi, 9-12 [in Ukrainian].
Zhovta, I. (2021). Postat kerivnytsi v povsiakdennomu zhytti vykhovanok Kyivskoho instytutu shliakhetnykh divchat u ХІХ – na pochatku ХХ st. [The Figure of the Head-Teacher in the Daily Life of the Girls of the Kyiv Institute of Noble Girls in the 19th – Early 20th Cent.]. Storinky istorii, 53, 108-109. DOI: 10.20535/2307-5244.53.2021.248460 [in Ukrainian].
Zhovta, I. (2022). Tuha za domom vykhovanok Kyivskoho instytutu shliakhetnykh divchat u XIX – pochatku XX stolittia [Homesickness of Maidens of Kyiv Institute of Noble Girls in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries]. Proceedings of the Conference: Istoriia, kultura, pamiat u naukovomu vymiri: stan, perspektyvy. Kyiv: Art Ekonomi, 8-10 [in Ukrainian].
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.